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The Pathbreak Attack Map for AWS / IAM
Privilege escalation IAM T1548

Replace role permissions boundary

Can replace a role's permissions boundary with a permissive one.

Grants escalation on its own.

iam:PutRolePermissionsBoundary
Key takeaway

On its own, iam:PutRolePermissionsBoundary can replace a role's permissions boundary with a permissive one. On a wide resource scope that alone reaches administrator access.

PutRolePermissionsBoundary grants admin 01 Attacker principal 02 Permissions changed 03 Administrator
How an attacker moves from this permission.
Explore this in Pathbreak

Why it is dangerous

A principal can call iam:PutRolePermissionsBoundary on the role to overwrite its boundary with a permissive one (e.g. AdministratorAccess), lifting the cap on the role's existing policies.

In MITRE ATT&CK terms this maps to T1548, Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism, under the privilege escalation tactic. AWS records it in CloudTrail as PutRolePermissionsBoundary. The call shows up in CloudTrail but blends into normal administration, so it needs a rule to stand out.

Detection

PutRolePermissionsBoundary

Prerequisites

iam:PutRolePermissionsBoundary on the role, and the role has a capping boundary.

MITRE ATT&CK

T1548 · Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism

Tactic

Privilege Escalation

Breaking the path

A control that would remove it: Remove iam:PutRolePermissionsBoundary from the principal; protect boundary changes with SCP and alarms.

Whether to apply it depends on how the permission is used in your environment, so it is a business decision rather than an automatic fix. The same permission can be load-bearing in one account and pure risk in another.

Pathbreak confirms whether this path resolves in your account, ranks it against the others by how much it opens up, and uses your threat model and business context to show which paths are worth cutting.

Questions

What does iam:PutRolePermissionsBoundary allow?

Can replace a role's permissions boundary with a permissive one.

Can iam:PutRolePermissionsBoundary escalate privileges on its own?

Yes. Held on a broad enough resource it reaches administrator access with no other permission.

How is replace role permissions boundary detected?

Watch for PutRolePermissionsBoundary in CloudTrail. The call shows up in CloudTrail but blends into normal administration, so it needs a rule to stand out.

How do you break this path?

A control that would remove it is: Remove iam:PutRolePermissionsBoundary from the principal; protect boundary changes with SCP and alarms. Whether to apply it depends on how the permission is used in your account, so it is a business decision rather than an automatic fix.

Which MITRE ATT&CK technique is this?

T1548, Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism, under the privilege escalation tactic.

Related paths

Same serviceAttach admin policy to roleiam:AttachRolePolicySame serviceAttach admin policy to useriam:AttachUserPolicySame serviceCreate default policy versioniam:CreatePolicyVersionSame servicePut inline role policyiam:PutRolePolicySame servicePut inline user policyiam:PutUserPolicySame serviceRoll back default policy versioniam:SetDefaultPolicyVersion

References

  • https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/

Find this in your own account

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